The Angelfish, Pterophyllum scalare is one fish everyone recognizes at the first glance. It is a cichlid that originates from the Amazon Basin was first talked about by Lichtenstein in 1824. Angelfish are normally peaceful fish but they are cichlids and can become very territorial during breeding time. They will protect their breeding site quite aggressively. Some tankmates you should avoid are fin nippers, such as Tiger Barbs, Danios and some tetras as they will harass your Angelfish. These fin nippers may do better if they are kept in a small group of about ten similar fish.

Lifetime

The Pterophyllum scalare can live to about ten years when subjected to appropriate care.

Size

In captivity, the fish can reach a maximum size of 15cm(6″) total body length and around 20cm in height(including fins) but they need good food and water to reach this length. Many Angelfish you see are stunted due to improper housing. Thus a tall tank – at least 45cm(18″) – should be considered before buying such fish.

Aquarium Conditions

Angelfish are quite tolerant about water conditions. Since they are captive bred nowadays, they can live in hard water but won’t breed successfully in it. Captive Angels will breed in hard water, but due to high mineral content, the eggs may not be fertilized successfully. For an optimal health, keep them in soft water with hardness between  5° and 13° dH and pH between 6 and 7. Temperature should be around 23°C – 29°C(74°F – 84°F).

Feeding

Angelfish will eat almost anything you give them. They will eagerly take flakes, pellets or any food, including some small tankmates.

Breeding

Angelfish are egglayers that will take care of the eggs and fry after hatching. Breeding is discussed in details in the Angelfish’s Breeding article.